first-effects.mdx
mdx
---title: First Effectslayout: ../../layouts/MainLayout.astro---import { MiniRepl } from '../../docs/MiniRepl';import QA from '@components/QA';# First Effectsimport Box from '@components/Box.astro';We have sounds, we have notes, now let's look at effects!## Some basic effects**low-pass filter**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("<[c2 c3]*4 [bb1 bb2]*4 [f2 f3]*4 [eb2 eb3]*4>").sound("sawtooth").lpf(800)`}/><Box>lpf = **l**ow **p**ass **f**ilter- Change lpf to 200. Notice how it gets muffled. Think of it as standing in front of the club with the door closed đĒ.- Now let's open the door... change it to 5000. Notice how it gets brighter â¨đĒŠ</Box>**pattern the filter**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("<[c2 c3]*4 [bb1 bb2]*4 [f2 f3]*4 [eb2 eb3]*4>").sound("sawtooth").lpf("200 1000 200 1000")`}/><Box>- Try adding more values- Notice how the pattern in lpf does not change the overall rhythmWe will learn how to automate with waves later...</Box>**vowel**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("<[c3,g3,e4] [bb2,f3,d4] [a2,f3,c4] [bb2,g3,eb4]>").sound("sawtooth").vowel("<a e i o>")`}/>**gain**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`$: sound("hh*16").gain("[.25 1]*4")$: sound("bd*4,[~ sd:1]*2")`}punchcard/><Box>Rhythm is all about dynamics!- Remove `.gain(...)` and notice how flat it sounds.- Bring it back by undoing (ctrl+z)</Box>Let's combine all of the above into a little tune:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`$: sound("hh*8").gain("[.25 1]*4")$: sound("bd*4,[~ sd:1]*2")$: note("<[c2 c3]*4 [bb1 bb2]*4 [f2 f3]*4 [eb2 eb3]*4>").sound("sawtooth").lpf("200 1000 200 1000")$: note("<[c3,g3,e4] [bb2,f3,d4] [a2,f3,c4] [bb2,g3,eb4]>").sound("sawtooth").vowel("<a e i o>")`}/>**shape the sound with an adsr envelope**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("c3 bb2 f3 eb3").sound("sawtooth").lpf(600).attack(.1).decay(.1).sustain(.25).release(.2)`}/><Box>Try to find out what the numbers do.. Compare the following- attack: `.5` vs `0`- decay: `.5` vs `0`- sustain: `1` vs `.25` vs `0`- release: `0` vs `.5` vs `1`Can you guess what they do?</Box><QA q="Click to see solution" client:visible>- attack: time it takes to fade in- decay: time it takes to fade to sustain- sustain: level after decay- release: time it takes to fade out after note is finished</QA>**adsr short notation**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("c3 bb2 f3 eb3").sound("sawtooth").lpf(600).adsr(".1:.1:.5:.2")`}/>**delay**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`$: note("[~ [<[d3,a3,f4]!2 [d3,bb3,g4]!2> ~]]*2") .sound("gm_electric_guitar_muted").delay(.5)$: sound("bd rim").bank("RolandTR707").delay(".5")`}/><Box>Try some `delay` values between 0 and 1. Btw, `.5` is short for `0.5`What happens if you use `.delay(".8:.125")` ? Can you guess what the second number does?What happens if you use `.delay(".8:.06:.8")` ? Can you guess what the third number does?</Box><QA q="Click to see solution" client:visible>`delay("a:b:c")`:- a: delay volume- b: delay time- c: feedback (smaller number = quicker fade)</QA>**room aka reverb**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`n("<4 [3@3 4] [<2 0> ~@16] ~>").scale("D4:minor").sound("gm_accordion:2").room(2)`}/><Box>Try different values!Add a delay too!</Box>**little dub tune**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`$: note("[~ [<[d3,a3,f4]!2 [d3,bb3,g4]!2> ~]]*2").sound("gm_electric_guitar_muted").delay(.5)$: sound("bd rim").bank("RolandTR707").delay(.5)$: n("<4 [3@3 4] [<2 0> ~@16] ~>").scale("D4:minor").sound("gm_accordion:2").room(2).gain(.5)`}/>Let's add a bass to make this complete:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`$: note("[~ [<[d3,a3,f4]!2 [d3,bb3,g4]!2> ~]]*2").sound("gm_electric_guitar_muted").delay(.5)$: sound("bd rim").bank("RolandTR707").delay(.5)$: n("<4 [3@3 4] [<2 0> ~@16] ~>").scale("D4:minor").sound("gm_accordion:2").room(2).gain(.4)$: n("[0 [~ 0] 4 [3 2] [0 ~] [0 ~] <0 2> ~]/2").scale("D2:minor").sound("sawtooth,triangle").lpf(800)`}/><Box>Try adding `.hush()` at the end of one of the patterns in the stack...</Box>**pan**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("numbers:1 numbers:2 numbers:3 numbers:4") .pan("0 0.3 .6 1")`}/>**speed**<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("bd rim [~ bd] rim").speed("<1 2 -1 -2>").room(.2)`} />**fast and slow**We can use `fast` and `slow` to change the tempo of a pattern outside of Mini-Notation:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("bd*4,~ rim ~ cp").slow(2)`} /><Box>Change the `slow` value. Try replacing it with `fast`.What happens if you use a pattern like `.fast("<1 [2 4]>")`?</Box>By the way, inside Mini-Notation, `fast` is `*` and `slow` is `/`.<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("[bd*4,~ rim ~ cp]*<1 [2 4]>")`} />## modulation with signalsInstead of changing values stepwise, we can also control them with signals:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("hh*16").gain(sine)`} punchcard punchcardLabels={false} /><Box>The basic waveforms for signals are `sine`, `saw`, `square`, `tri` đTry also random signals `rand` and `perlin`!The gain is visualized as transparency in the pianoroll.</Box>**setting a range**By default, waves oscillate between 0 to 1. We can change that with `range`:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`sound("hh*16").lpf(saw.range(500, 2000))`} /><Box>What happens if you flip the range values?</Box>We can change the modulation speed with slow / fast:<MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("<[c2 c3]*4 [bb1 bb2]*4 [f2 f3]*4 [eb2 eb3]*4>") .sound("sawtooth") .lpf(sine.range(100, 2000).slow(4))`}/><Box>The whole modulation will now take 8 cycles to repeat.</Box>## Recap| name | example || ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- || lpf | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("c2 c3 c2 c3").s("sawtooth").lpf("<400 2000>")`} /> || vowel | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`note("c3 eb3 g3").s("sawtooth").vowel("<a e i o>")`} /> || gain | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("hh*16").gain("[.25 1]*2")`} /> || delay | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("bd rim bd cp").delay(.5)`} /> || room | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("bd rim bd cp").room(.5)`} /> || pan | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("bd rim bd cp").pan("0 1")`} /> || speed | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("bd rim bd cp").speed("<1 2 -1 -2>")`} /> || signals | `sine`, `saw`, `square`, `tri`, `rand`, `perlin`<br/><MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("hh*16").gain (saw)`} /> || range | <MiniRepl client:visible tune={`s("hh*16").lpf(saw.range(200,4000))`} /> |Let us now take a look at some of Tidal's typical [pattern effects](/workshop/pattern-effects).
No comments yet.